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Iraq
TRANSPORTATION
Roads: Paved road network almost doubled between
1979 and 1985, to 22,397 kilometers. Also 7,800 kilometers of
unpaved secondary and feeder roads. In 1987 1,000 kilometer-long
segment of international express highway from Mediterranean to
Persian Gulf under construction.
Railroads: By 1985 2,029 kilometers of railroads,
of which 1,496 were standard gauge, rest meter gauge.
Ports: Basra was main port, together with newer
port at Umm Qasr. Oil terminals at Mina al Bakr, Khawr al Amayah,
and Al Faw, latter recaptured from Iran in 1988, and industrial
port at Khawr az Zubayr. War with Iraq damaged port facilities
and prevented use of most ports.
Pipelines: Local lines to Persian Gulf and new
spur line from Basra area to Saudi Arabia's Petroline (running
from Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia to Red Sea port of Yanbu),
with 500,000 bpd capacity, completed in 1985 because Syria cut
off use of pipelines through Syria following outbreak of Iran-Iraq
War. Further parallel pipeline to Saudi Arabia with 400,000 bpd
capacity under construction in 1988. Pipeline from Baiji to Baghdad
and from Baghdad to Khanaqin; pipeline also between Baiji and
Turkish Mediterranean port of Dortyol opened in 1977 with 800,000
to 900,000 bpd capacity, expanded by 500,000 bpd capacity in 1987.
Small pipelines distributed refined products to major consuming
areas.
Airports: International airports at Baghdad
and Basra, with new airport under construction at Baghdad. Also
ninety-five airfields, sixty-one with permanent-surface runways.
Data as of May 1988
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