Country Study & A Country Guide

• COUNTRY PROFILE

  • COUNTRY

  • GEOGRAPHY

  • SOCIETY

  • ECONOMY

  • TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS

  • GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS

  • NATIONAL SECURITY

• INTRODUCTION

• Chapter 1. Historical Setting

  • EARLY HISTORY

    • Tripolitania and the Phoenicians

    • Cyrenaica and the Greeks

    • Fezzan and the Garamentes

    • Libya and the Romans

  • ISLAM AND THE ARABS

    • Fatimids

    • Hilalians

    • Hafsids

    • Medieval Cyrenaica and Fezzan

  • OTTOMAN REGENCY

    • Pashas and Deys

    • Karamanlis

    • The Ottoman Revival

    • The Sanusi Order

  • ITALIAN COLONIALISM

    • Italian Rule and Arab Resistance

    • The Second Italo-Sanusi War

    • The Fourth Shore

  • WORLD WAR II AND INDEPENDENCE

    • The Desert War

    • Allied Administration

    • The United Nations and Libya

  • INDEPENDENT LIBYA

    • The September 1969 Coup

    • Qadhafi and the Revolutionary Command Council

    • The Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

    • Petroleum Politics

    • Libya and Arab Unity

    • Libyan Ventures in Sub-Saharan Africa

    • Relations with the United States and Western Europe

• Chapter 2. The Society and Its Environment

  • GEOGRAPHY

    • Regions

    • Climate and Hydrology

  • POPULATION

  • ETHNIC GROUPS AND LANGUAGES

    • Peoples of Libya

      • Arabs

      • Berbers

      • Tuareg

      • Black Africans

      • Other Peoples

    • Languages of Libya

  • STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY

    • Evolutionary Changes in a Traditional Society

    • The Revolution and Social Change

  • THE FAMILY, THE INDIVIDUAL, AND THE SEXES

    • Family and Household

    • The Traditional View of Men and Women

    • The New Society of the Revolutionary Era

  • RELIGIOUS LIFE

    • Tenets of Islam

    • Saints and Brotherhoods

    • The Sanusis

    • Islam in Revolutionary Libya

  • HEALTH AND WELFARE

    • Social Welfare

    • Medical Care

    • Housing

  • EDUCATION

    • Primary and Secondary Education

    • Higher Education

• Chapter 3. The Economy

  • GROWTH AND STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMY

  • ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT

  • INDUSTRY

    • Hydrocarbons and Mining

    • Manufacturing and Construction

    • Energy

  • AGRICULTURE

    • Land Use and Irrigation

    • Crops and Livestock

    • Fishing and Forestry

  • INCOME AND WEALTH

  • PUBLIC FINANCE AND BANKING

    • Budget, Expenditures, and Revenues

    • Balance of Payments

    • Foreign Aid and Investment

    • Banking, Credit, and Currency

  • FOREIGN TRADE

  • DOMESTIC TRADE AND TOURISM

  • TRANSPORTATION AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

    • Transportation

      • Telecommunications

• Chapter 4. Government and Politics

  • INTERNAL POLITICS

    • National Executive and Legislative Evolution

      • The Revolutionary Command Council (RCC)

    • The General People's Congress

    • Subnational Government and Administration

      • The Arab Socialist Union

      • The Cultural Revolution and People's Committees

      • The Basic People's Congress

      • The Revolutionary Committees

    • Summary and Trends in 1987

  • LAW AND THE JUDICIARY

    • Court Structure

    • Other Juridical Organs

      • The People's Court

      • The Revolutionary Courts

    • Unions and Syndicates

  • OPPOSITION TO QADHAFI

    • Student Opposition

    • Military Opposition

    • Religious Opposition

    • Exiled Opposition

  • POLITICAL IDEOLOGY

    • Third Universal Theory

    • The Cultural Revolution

    • The Green Book

      • The Green Book, Part I

      • The Green Book, Part II

      • The Green Book, Part III

  • FOREIGN RELATIONS

    • Arab Relations

    • Mediterranean Relations

    • Maghrib Relations

    • Relations with Sub-Saharan Africa

      • Sudan

      • Chad

    • Relations with Western Europe and the United States

      • France

      • Italy

      • Britain

      • United States

    • Relations with the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

    • Multilateral Relations

      • The United Nations

      • The Organization of African Unity

      • Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries

      • Other Multilateral Organizations

    • Nuclear Development

• Chapter 5. National Security

  • ORIGINS OF THE MODERN ARMED FORCES

  • THE MILITARY LEADERSHIP

  • INTERNATIONAL MILITARY CONCERNS AND OBJECTIVES

    • Libyan Security Concerns

    • Performance in Combat

      • Invasion of Chad

      • Encounters with the United States

  • THE ARMED FORCES

    • Organization of the Armed Forces

      • The Army

      • The Navy

      • The Air Force

    • Conscription and the People's Militia

    • Women in the Armed Forces

    • Other Paramilitary Forces

    • Uniforms, Ranks, and Insignia of the Armed Forces

    • Defense Costs

  • FOREIGN MILITARY ASSISTANCE

    • The Quest for New Sources of Arms: 1970-

    • Military Cooperation with the Soviet Union

    • Western Restrictions on Arms Transactions

    • The Search for Nuclear Technology

  • ARMS PRODUCTION AND MILITARY COOPERATION

  • INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM AND SUPPORT FOR INSURGENT GROUPS

  • PUBLIC ORDER AND INTERNAL SECURITY

    • The Police System

    • Incidence of Crime

    • Criminal Justice System

    • State of Internal Security

• Appendix. Tables

• Glossary

Libya - TABLE OF CONTENTS