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Papa (Veszprem County, Hungary)
Pápa Város
Last modified: 2001-08-23 by dov gutterman
Keywords: hungary | veszprem | papa |
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by Istvan Molnar, 13 August 2001
See also:
Overview
Pa'pa is a small beautiful town in Veszpre'm County in Hungary
near to Gyor (45 km) and Veszpre'm (55 km) at the borders of the
Bakony Mountains and the Little Hungarian Plains. The town has
got 34.419 inhabitants (1990 census) nearly all of them are
Hungarians. Three of the Official Ethnic Minorities of Hungary
has got ethnic council in the town. They are: Gipsy, German and
Polish.
The territory is populated from the Stone Age. There was founded
a cemetery of the Celts and Roman finds. In the 6th-7th centuries
in the territory of the town there was a bigger Avarian
settlement. In Borsosgyor (village united the town in 1973) there
was an Avarian entrenchment (gyor ~ gyuru in English means ring).
After the Avars, the Slovenes had arrived they gave the name of
the brook of� Pa'pa: Tapolca (in English means: hot water
brook).
The first mention of the town was in 1061. It was a borough in
1389 under the rule of the Garai family. In 1401 there was a
meeting of the Lords of Hungary convened by King Sigismund. The
Fort Pa'pa was built in 1444. In 1482 Pa'pa was a Royal Town with
3.000 inhabitants. In the time of the Turkish War (1525-1699)
Pa'pa was an important border fortress. It was sieged by the
Ottomans in 1543, 1551 and 1594. 1594-1597 and in 1683 was under
Turkish rule. In 1531 was found the Calvinist School, 1585-1952�
it was a High School of the Calvinists. In January 1704 the town
led by the capitan of the fort Pa'pa, La'szlo' Sa'ndor joined to
Prince Ra'ko'czi. At the time of the Prince Ra'ko'czi's
Independent War the fort often changed hands. In 1707, when the
Habsburg Army occupied the fort, it burnt up the town. In 1752
the fort was destroyed. Ka'roly Esterha'zy, the landlord of Pa'pa
built the castle in 1783-1784. At the time of the Revolution and
Independent War (1848-1849) citizens of Pa'pa take up arms and
went to the battles eagerly. After the defeat the war leaders of
Pa'pa were took prisoner. At the end of the 19th century Pa'pa
was growing quickly. Because Pa'pa had got an airfield (from
1937), it was bombarded
in the WWII. Three villages was united with Pa'pa: Borsosgy?r
(1973), Ke'ttornyu'lak (1977) and Tapolcafo~ (1982).
The coat of arms shows Saint Stephen, the martyr, whom name is
the title of the parish church. The first picture of the CoA is
from 1687.
You can see: former Esterha'zy Mansion (baroque 1783-1784) built
on the place of the destroyed fort, St Stephen Parish
"Old" Church (1774-1786), Museum of the Local History,
former Stable now Hotel Plata'n (classicist), High Square
(baroque), House "on Legs" or Arcade,
"Gate-House" (1750), Zichy House, Korvin Street,
Franciscan Church (1678-1764), Hotel Griff (1790),
Baroque-Classicist Reformed "Old" Church (1783-1784),
former City Hall (1823), Benedict Church (1737-1742) and former
Benedict High School, City Hall (1757-1898), former County Hall
(1823), "O'-kolle'gium" former Calvinist High School
(1797), Synagogue (Classiscist 1846), former Cistercian Monastery
(1711), new Calvinist Church (1931-1934), Calvinist High School
(1894-1895, there learnt many famous Hungarian celebrities: Mo'r
Jo'kai - writer, Sa'ndor Peto~fi, poet...), Scientific Collection
of the Library of the Calvinist Church District, Museum of Blue
Dyers', Hospital (founded by Ferenc Esterha'zy in 1757, built
1763-1768), Old Mills (more of them ruin), City Park. The oldest
building of the town is in Ke'ttornyu'lak (name means: Settlement
with two tower) village. Small Romanesque Church with two tower
(first mentioned in 1360) - now Clavinist Church
Istvan Molnar, 8 July 2000
Today is a National Holiday and I was on the ceremony in the
town. It seems Papa have got a common flag
only red and blue without CoA ratio 2:3 and a ceremonical flag
with CoA (90% high of the flag) with gold fringes. Ratio 1:2. The
colours of the CoA on the flag are heraldic colours.
Istvan Molnar, 15 March 2001
The image of the ceremonical flag is based on the flag given
by the Council of P�pa to the renewed railway station.
Difference between this flag and the more common one: gold
fringes on the three edge, and the type of the letters are
different.
Istvan Molnar, 13 August 2001
Flag in Use
by Istvan Molnar, 15 August 2001
In P�pa on the streets you can see the red-blue flag withour
CoA only. Its ratio is 1:2, but you can see some flags with ratio
2:3 too.
Istvan Molnar, 15 August 2001
Historical Flag
by Antonio Martins, 28 Febuary 2001
This flag appears at Dr. Sz�ll S�ndor: V�rosaink neve,
c�mere �s lobog�ja (1941) as "P�pa, Veszpr�m
Co.".
Istv�n Moln�r, 20 October 2000
White and blue quarterly per saltire.
Antonio Martins, 28 Febuary 2001
1974-1989 Flag
by Istvan Molnar, 4 December 2000
Description of the CoA: "The principal figure of the Coat
of Arms of the town is the "tree of the knowledge"
rooted in the "socialist culture", which is encircled
by the respected traditions and the symbols of the modern
industry."
From the book "A magyar v�rosok c�merei" Budapest,
1975
Istvan Molnar, 4 December 2000
Coat of Arms
ve-pp.jpg)
by Istvan Molnar, 8 July 2000
P�pa used its CoA until 1948. In 1948 the new regime
forbidded to use CoA. The town started to reuse this CoA at the
end of the 60's (you can see some prospectus). From 1974 the
towns could used CoA, but they have been made new 'communist
style' CoA's which related to the 'socialist development', the
'power of the "labour movement"' - red star. After the
end of the communist era, these CoA's were removed.
Istvan Molnar, 3 April 2001
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